N791 Remark Code: History and Physical Report Missing
N791 means the claim could not be paid because the history and physical (H&P) report the payer requires for this service was not received. The fix is to send the H&P through the payer's attachment or records process.
Quick facts
- Code
- N791 (RARC N791)
- Status
- Active In use since July 1, 2017.
- Code set
- Remittance Advice Remark Codes (RARC)
- Group codes
-
- CO (Contractual Obligation): The service is held or denied for missing documentation. The provider is expected to supply the report rather than bill the patient.
- Official description
Missing history & physical report.
X12 Remittance Advice Remark Codes, retrieved September 25, 2026- Last verified
- against the official X12 list.
What N791 means
A history and physical (H&P) documents the patient’s clinical picture before a significant service: the presenting problem, past medical history, medications, exam findings, and the plan. Payers ask for it when they need to see that a procedure, admission, or high-cost service was justified by the patient’s condition at the time.
N791 tells you the payer expected that report and has nothing on file. It is a documentation gap, not a coding error, and it usually sits next to CARC 252 (attachment required) or CARC 16 (information missing). If the payer sent a records request earlier and got no answer, CARC 226 may appear instead.
Common causes
- Attachment never sent. The claim went out electronically, but the H&P that the payer’s policy requires was not submitted through its attachment process.
- Records request missed. The payer asked for records, and the request went to an old address or sat unanswered past the deadline.
- Attachment not linked. The H&P was faxed or uploaded without the claim number or attachment control number, so the payer couldn’t match it.
- Wrong document sent. An operative note or discharge summary was sent in place of the H&P.
How to fix it
- Find the H&P for the date of service in the chart and confirm it is signed and dated.
- Check how the payer wants it: portal upload, fax cover sheet, or electronic attachment with a control number referenced on the claim.
- Send it with the claim number and patient identifiers on every page.
- Call the payer to confirm receipt and ask whether it will reprocess the claim or whether you must request reconsideration.
- If the claim was finalized as denied, follow the payer’s appeal or reopening process and include the H&P.
How to prevent it
- Know which services each major payer reviews with an H&P, and attach it on the first submission.
- Route payer records requests to a single monitored queue with due dates.
- Use attachment control numbers consistently so documents match the claim they support.
- See how CARC and RARC codes work together for reading documentation denials.
Codes that may appear with N791
- CO-252 (An attachment/other documentation is required to adjudicate this claim/service.): An attachment or other documentation is required; N791 identifies it as the H&P.
- CO-16 (Claim/service lacks information or has submission/billing error(s).): The claim lacks information needed for adjudication, and N791 tells you which document.
- CO-226 (Information requested from the Billing/Rendering Provider was not provided or not provided timely or was insufficient/incomplete.): The payer requested information from the provider and did not receive it in time.
Related and easily confused codes
- N792 (Incomplete/invalid history & physical report.): The H&P was received but was incomplete or invalid, rather than missing entirely.
- N221 (Missing Admitting History and Physical report.): Specifically the admitting history and physical for an inpatient stay.
- M127 (Missing patient medical record for this service.): The broader patient medical record for the service is missing, not just the H&P.
N791 FAQ
What counts as a history and physical report?
It is the clinician's documented patient history, review of systems, examination findings, and assessment, usually recorded before a procedure or admission. The payer wants the version that supports the service billed.
Should I send a corrected claim for N791?
Usually not. The claim data may be fine; what's missing is the document. Send the H&P through the payer's attachment channel, referencing the claim number, unless the payer tells you to resubmit.
What if the H&P doesn't exist?
If the required report was never documented, don't create one after the fact to support billing. Talk to your compliance lead about the claim.